The main structure of a complete BMS for low or medium voltages is commonly made up of three ICs: an analog front-end (AFE), a microcontroller (MCU), and a fuel gauge (see Figure 1). The fuel gauge can be a standalone IC, or it can be embedded in the MCU. To address this challenge, this project develops and prototypes a smart Battery Management System (BMS) tailored for solar power plants. The system continuously monitors key battery parameters, including voltage, load current, and temperature, while leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Battery Management Unit (BMU): The Battery Management Unit (BMU) is a key component in a Battery Management System (BMS) responsible for monitoring and measuring critical parameters of the entire battery pack or its individual cells. It is also the responsibility of the BMS to provide an accurate. The battery management system architecture is a sophisticated electronic system designed to monitor, manage, and protect batteries.
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