Battery energy storage methods can be classified into several categories: 1. Each method has unique characteristics that serve various applications in energy management, grid stability . While there are several types of batteries, at its essence a battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electric energy. This electrochemistry happens through the flow of electrons from one material (electrode) to another, through an external circuit. The flow of electrons provides an. Different types of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) includes lithium-ion, lead-acid, flow, sodium-ion, zinc-air, nickel-cadmium and solid-state batteries.