Battery cabinet impact current

Lithium batteries have become the most commonly used battery type in modern energy storage cabinets due to their high energy density, long life, low self-discharge rate and fast charge and discharge speed.

Parameters that influence the Fault current The Open Circuit Voltage (OCV). The internal battery parameters are strongly dependent by the state of charge and the aging of the battery. The OCV decreases and the internal impedance of the battery increases as the battery is discharged or as it gets older.

Battery manufacturers provide a value of short circuit current which needs to be used for validation of proper protection device. Duration of this short circuit current can be of few seconds before a battery failure occurs. The characteristic current and duration changes depending on the battery type.

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The selected protection device must trip in case of a fault in less than 100 ms. In case the fault current provided by the battery does not allow for the finding of protection devices, such as a Circuit Breaker or fuse, that meets the derating criteria stated in point B, it is hence possible to increase the multiplier up to 0.7.

These conditions can vary from a sudden battery under voltage to a trigger of specific alarms inside the UPS (i.e. a desaturation of a semiconductor device). These devices, thru a proper interface circuit, command the tripping unit of the BCB to disconnect the battery.