Podgorica six-meter communication base station wind-solar complementary tower

The assessment results of temporal volatility of wind power and solar PV power potential in different regions of China show that they can be well complementary at different time scales.

Wind-solar-hydro complementary potential shows great temporal and spatial variation. Renewable complementarity can improve China's future power system stability. In the context of carbon neutrality, renewable energy, especially wind power, solar PV and hydropower, will become the most important power sources in the future low-carbon power system.

When considering the integration of wind and solar power, increasing the installed capacity of renewable energy while maintaining a certain wind-solar ratio can effectively match the power generation with the user load within a specific range. In engineering design, it is essential to address the issue of ensuring supply from 16:00 to 22:00.

China's total annual power generation potential from wind-solar-hydro power resources is 17.57 PWh after complementary optimization using the MOO model based on NSGA II, which is 4.2% less than the 18.34 PWh without considering complementary optimization.

Approximately eight daylight hours (9 a.m.-5 PM) exhibited a WSS index reaching 100 %, WSB index surpassing 50 %, and a nighttime WCS index ranging from 45 % to 50 %. This indicates that these bases can maintain a consistent power supply using wind and solar energies throughout the day.

At this ratio, the maximum wind-solar integration capacity reaches 3938.63 MW, with a curtailment rate of wind and solar power kept below 3 % and a loss of load probability maintained at 0 %. Furthermore, under varying loss of load probabilities, the total integration capacity of wind and solar power increases significantly.